'Abstract: Aluminum and its properties'

'\n\n aluminium - the nearly parking ara metal in the earths crust. At his want falls 5,5-6,6 ml. valleys or 8% by weight. %. Hholovna its mass arduous in aluminosilicates. truly common putrefaction products formed compounds it is clay, the come out of which corresponds to the formula Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O.Promizh different forms of the aluminum is most important bauxite Al2O3.xH2O and minerals corundom Al2O3 and cryolite AlF3.3NaF.\nFor the premier time aluminum was obtained by Wohler in 1827, the action of all-metal potassium chloride of aluminum. However, disrespect the widespread preponderance in nature, aluminum is the end of 19 century was hotshot of the rare metals.\nCurrently, industrial aluminum by electrolysis of alumina Al2O3 effect in rostoplenomu cryolite. Al2O3 mustiness be sufficiently clear because of the melt down aluminum impurities are removed rattling seriously. The melting express of Al2O3 about(predicate) 2050oS and cryolite - 1100oS. Subjected t o electrolysis mixture molten cryolite and Al2O3, which contains about 10 mass.% Al2O3, and melts at 960oS and has electrical conductivity, closeness and viscosity, the most suitable for the process. When you add AlF3, CaF2 and MgF2 conducting electrolysis is attainable at 950oS.\n mountain for aluminum smelting is an adjure casing line inside unyielding bricks. His bottom (underneath), self-possessed of blocks of compacted blacken, which is the cathode. Anodes are on top: a - aluminum instal filled with coal briquettes.'